The importance of PET-CT in the diagnosis of epilepsy/A importância do PET-CT no diagnóstico da epilepsia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv3n5-276Keywords:
PET-CT, Epilepsy and 18FFGD.Abstract
Introduction: PET-CT (Positron Emission Tomography) is an examination composed of a hybrid set of two exams, where CT can define the anatomy of the region studied and the PET scan defines the cellular metabolism with the aid of FFDG. This examination has been used in the monitoring of several pathologies, including epilepsy, and currently in Brazil, 1.2% of the population are carriers of this disease. Objectives: The aim of this study was to review the importance of PET-CT in the detection of epilepsy and to discuss clinical manifestations, to understand the physical principles and to verify the functioning of the PET-CT scan. Methods: Selection of files through the electronic databases LILACS, PubMed / MEDLINE and SciELO using the following descriptors: PET- CT, epilepsy and FFDG, between the years 2005 to 2017, as well as classic articles. Discussion: Epilepsy is a disease that requires caution for diagnosis, because it is necessary not only to listen to the patient, but also to the relatives of the patient, especially during the seizures. PET-CT is the most accurate imaging test. During the examination the FFDG marker allows to evaluate the cerebral metabolism, because in normal cerebral cortex the brain presents a high glucose absorption of the marker, however with the pathological brain the marker glucose level is decreased, thus showing the pathology. However the disadvantages of the examination are the high value and the short half-life of the radiopharmaceutical. Conclusion: The PET-CT scan is really effective in the detection of epilepsy, making it a specific method exam.
References
Costa DC, Oliveira JMAP, Bressan RA. PET e SPECT em Neurologia Psiquiatria: Do Básico às Aplicações Clínicas. Rev Bra de Psiq 2001(2); 3-5.
Gomes IL, Moreira MC. Sistema Nervoso: fisiopatologia. Rev Cient do ITPAC 2007; 8(3): 294-298.
Oliveira MAC, Smanio PEP, Meirelles G. Como as imagens de PET-CT e Spect localizam o foco epiléptico. Rev Med 2010; 3(1): 30-33.
Organização Mundial da Saúde. Relatório Mundial da Saúde. Brasil; 2007.
Ishikita T, Oriuchi N, Higuchi T, et al. Additional Value of Integrated PET-CT over PET alone in the Initial Staging and follow up of head and neck Malignancy. Jpn J Radiology 2010; 29(5): 192-205.
Yamamoto S, Kawakami M, et al. Simultaneous imaging of magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography by means of MRI- compatible optic fiber based PET: a validation study in ex vivo rat brain. Jpn J Radiology 2009; 27(7): 252–256.
Lima, FMR, et al. Doença Epilepsia. Rev Neurocienc 2011; 19(4): 718-723.
Fisher R S, et al. Epileptic seizures and epilepsy: definitions proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) and the International Bureau for Epilepsy (IBE). Off J of the Inter L A Epilepsy 2005; 46(4): 470-472.
Robilotta, CC. Positron emission tomography: a new modality in Brazilian nuclear medicine. Pan Am H Org 2006; 20(3): 134-142.
Wernick MN, Aarsvold JN. Emission Tomography: the Fundamentals of PET and SPECT. Eur J of N Med and Mol 2007; 48(4): 661-673.
Townsend DW, Beyer T, Blodgett TM. PET/CT Scanners: A Hardware Approach to Image Fusion. Sem in N Med 2003; 33(3): 193-204.
Bettinardi V, et al. Performance evaluation of the new whole-body PET/CT scanner: Discovery ST. Eur J of N Med and Mol 2004; 31(6): 867-888.
Ferreira LK, Busatto GF. Neuroimaging in Alzheimer's Disease: Current Role in Clinical Practice and Potential Future Applications. Rev do H das Cli 2011; 66(8): 19-24.
Buchpiguel, CA. PET e SPECT Cerebrais na Avaliação dos Estados Demenciais. Rev Br de Psiq 2001; 23(2): 36-37.
Newberg AB, Alavi A. PET in seizure disorders. Radio Cli of N Am 2005; 43(1): 72-92.
Abou-Khalil BW, et al. Positron emission tomography studies of cerebral glucose metabolism in chronic partial epilepsy. Ann Neurol 1987; 22(4): 480-486.
Decarli C, Mcintosh AR, Blaxton TA. Use of positron emission tomography for the evaluation of epilepsy. Neuro Clinics of N Am 1995; 5(4): 623-645.
Cordeiro AM, et al. Revisão Sistemática: Uma Revisão Narrativa. Rev do Col Br de Cir 2007; 34(6): 428-431.
Schütze M. Papel do 18FFGD Pet-CT na Avaliação Pré-Cirúrgica de Pacientes com Epilepsia Refratária do Lobo Temporal. Belo Horizonte. Dissertação [Mestrado em Medicina Molecular] – Faculdade Federal de Minas Gerais; 2013.
Valdes MR. The Role of PET/CT in Epilepsy. Epilepsia desde Chile [periódicos na Internet]. 2016 Out [acesso em maio 2017]. Disponível em: https://epilepsiadesdechile.blogspot.com.br/2016/10/rol-del-petct-en-epilepsia- role-of.html.
