Agroindustrial residue and post-consumer plastic waste for plastic wood production

Abstract

The growing volume of plastic and agro-industrial waste, such as coconut shells, poses significant environmental and social challenges, demanding innovative solutions aligned with national solid waste policies and the circular economy. The objective of this study focused on developing sustainable plastic wood by adding post-consumer polypropylene waste and coconut fibers (PP-PCR/CF). To achieve this goal, the PP-PCR/CCF composites were processed by extrusion and injection molding, and characterized by melt flow index (MFI), impact and tensile strength and thermal analysis (TGA and DSC analysis). Results indicate that the addition of coconut fibers does not significantly impair the thermal stability or mechanical properties of the PP-PCR matrix, even at higher fiber contents. While crystallinity and flow behaviour are influenced by fiber content, the composites retain adequate performance for practical applications such as benches, coatings and decks. The work highlights the alignment of this approach with Brazil's National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS) and the principles of the circular economy, offering benefits such as reduced landfill waste, decreased CO₂ emissions, and valorisation of agricultural by-products. This work reinforces shared responsibility in the product life cycle, transforming disposal challenges into innovative and high-value solutions, and contributing significantly to sustainability and the circular economy.